Aesculapius Esculapius Asclepius History Medicine

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~ AESCULAPIUS  id+ | PERSONIFICATION OF MEDICINE or
^u                   HEALING ARTS and its IDEALS |
  sp ESCULAPIO = PHYSICIAN or MEDICO for see> MEDIC
  note ESCULAPIUS or
       ESCULAPIO  or
  ESKULLAPIS or
  ESKULLAPIS or
  ASKLEPIUS
  perhaps the same as see> TELESPHORUS
  med> note AESCULAPIAN MEDICAL DOCTRINES STRESS
       THAT SLEEP AND REST ARE CURATIVE
  myth> AESCULAPIUS [#] IS AMONG
        THE MOST INTERESTING COMPLEX IMPORTANT AND
  POPULAR ANCIENT DIVINITIES
  common accounts propose that
  ESCULAPIUS WAS THE SON OF CORONIS AND APOLLO
  WHILE PREGNANT CORONIS HAD AN AFFAIR WITH ISCHYS
  WHEN APOLLO REALIZED HER INFIDELITY
  HE ASKED HIS SISTER ARTEMIS TO KILL CORONIS
  WHO WAS PREGNANT PERHAPS PER EITHER
  APOLLO or CORONIS
  APOLLO or HERMES               sug> MERCURY
  DECIDED TO SAVE THE UNBORN CHILD
  WHO SURVIVED AND WAS PLACED UNDER THE CARE OF
  CHEIRON                    see> CHEIROPRACTOR
  WHO NAMED HIM AESKLEPIUS AND
  TAUGHT HIM THE ART OF MEDICINE   sug> SURGERY
  AESCULAPIUS BECAME A FAMOUS HEALER
  AND COULD RESTORE LIFE      sug> RESUSCITATE
  THUS HE COULD INFRINGE UPON THE
  DOMAIN OF HADES WHO DID ASK
  ZEUS TO KILL ESCULAPIUS HIM WITH A THUNDERBOLT
  note alt version per PINDAR [#]
  AESKULAPIUS WAS ASKED BY ARTEMIS    sug> DIANA
  THE RESTORE THE LIFE OF HER FAVORITE
  HIPPOLYTOS [#] or VIRBIUS [#]
  AESCULAPIUS DEMURRED BUT
  WAS OFFERED A RICH FEE              sug> MERCENARY
  AND DID RESTORE HIPPOLYTOS TO THE LIVING
  FOR THIS ZEUS DECIDED TO KILL HIM
  note this legend underscores how
       MEDICINE does not mix with
  MERCENARY MERCANTILISM
  in any case the death of AESCULAPIUS
  UPSET HIS FATHER APOLLO TO SUCH DEGREE THAT
  WHO IN REVENGE APOLLO KILLED
  ALL THE CYCLOPES WHO MANUFACTURED
  THUNDERBOLTS FOR ZEUS
  ZEUS PUNISHED APOLLO HOW WAS OBLIGED
  TO BECOME A SLAVE TO THE MORTAL ADMETUS [#]
  APOLLO SERVED ADMETUS AND GAINED GREAT
  RESPECT FOR HIM
  cont> see> APOLLO
  hx> HOMER [#] PRESENTS AESKLEPIUS AS A MORTAL
      FATHER OF MACHAON AND PODALEIRIUS
  IT HAS BEEN INFERRED THAT
  AESCULAIUS and PAEEON ARE THE SAME
  mostly because both shared the EPITET "HEALER"
  hx> THE PRINCIPAL TEMPLE OF AESCLAPIUS
      STOOD IN EPIDAURUS AND CONTAINED HIS STATUE BY
  THE FAMOUS ARTIST THRASYMEDES [#] WHO REPRESENTED
  AESCULAPIUS SEATED ON A THRONE
  HOLDING A STAFF IN ONE HAND AND
  THE OTHER HAND RESTING ON THE HEAD OF A DRAGON
  a reptile while in other works the reptile is
  a non venemous snake as
  SYMBOLS OF PRUDENCE AND RENOVATION
  {ed shedding of skin}
  hx> VOTIVE TABLES REPRESENTING DISEASES OR
      HEALED BODY PARTS WERE PLACED ON
  THE WALLS OF AESCULAPIAN TEMPLES
  as currently is the case when believers
  place AMULETS on CHURCH WALLS
  note
  sp AMULETO = AMULET and
      MULA     MULE or FALSE  PHONY
      MULETA   CRUTCH or FALSE LEG
  hx> ASKLEPIA was a FESTIVAL TO HONOR ESCULAPIO
  hx> LIVY [#] reported that in
      293 BC ROME EXPERIENCED A PERIOD OF
  PESTILENCE WHICH PROMPTED ROMANS TO IMPORT FROM
  GREECE THE WORSHIP OF AESCULAPIUS
  THE CULT WAS BROUGHT INCARNATED AS SERPENTS
  LEGENDS CLAIM THAT in JANUARY 291 BC
  A SACRED SNAKE CHOSE (SWAM) TO
  THE ISLAND or INSULA TIBERINA
  A TEMPLE WAS DEDICATED TO AESCULAPIUS
  WHERE HE WAS WORSHIPED ALONG WITH HIS SPOUSE
  EPIONE or "THE SOOTHER and
  HIS THREE DAUGHTERS or GRACES
  HYGIEIA                            sug> HYGIENE
  MEDITRINA                          sug> MEDICINE
  PANACEA                            sug> REMEDY
  note his sons                      sug> PODIATRY
  TELESPHOROS for "WHO BRINGS FULLNESS" and
  PODALIRIUS and MACHAON WERE SKILLED HEALERS
  hx> SERPENTS BECAME THE SYMBOL OF ASKLEPIOS
      THEY STAND FOR REJUVENATION
  hx> another ESCULAPIAN emblem was the COCK
      representing ALERTNESS or VIGILANCE
  found to this day on many
  CHURCH BELFRIES and STEEPLES
  hx> COCKS WERE SACRIFICED TO AESCULAPIUS
      PARTICULARLY BY INVALIDS and the DISABLED
  hx> AFTER BEING FORCED TO DRINK POISON
      SOCRATES SACRIFICED A COCK TO ESCULAPIUS
  hx> note the LINK of COCK with MALE POTENCY
  hx> ANCIENTS VISITED AESCULAPIAN TEMPLES WHERE
      THEY SLEPT HOPING TO HAVE A DREAM THAT WOULD
  ILLUMINATE WAYS TOWARD A CURE
  note REST AND SLEEP CURES REMAIN IN USE
       ACROSS IN EUROPE and even more so in
  UKRAINE AS IN OTHER PARTS OF THE
  FORMER USSR
  "REST CURES" take place in         sug> SANITARY
  "SANATORIA" dedicated to           sug> SANITY
  SALUBRITY as per                   sug> HYGIENIC
  MASSAGE DIET and SIESTA            sug> NAP
  the idea being that                sug> HEALTH
  REST and SLEEP are WHOLESOME       see> LETHARGY
  and therefore SALUTARY             sug> LETHAL
  biol> bot ASCLEPIAS ASCLEPIADACEAE
        ASCLEPIODORA are MEDICINAL PLANTS
  note rept ERYTHROLAMPRUS AESCULAPII
  cont> see> ~& AESCLAPIUS under addenda
  hx> THE AESCULAPIAN STAFF DENOTES
      THE IDEA OF KNOWLEDGE AND
  THE NEED TO SPREAD MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE BY
  WANDERING as per "HOSPITAL STAFF ROUNDS"
  med> note that until recent times
       the " STAFF " OF A MODERN HOSPITAL
  WANDERED THE WARDS
  SPREADING THE WANDERS OF MODERN THERAPIES
  THE DISH HELD BY AESCULAPIUS DENOTES
  THE HOLDING OF HEALING POTIONS
  note ESCULAPIOS ALONG WITH OTHER HEROES
       WAS PLACEDAMONG THE STARS OF THE SKY
  art> ESCULAPIOS is often shown as an
       OLDER KIND MAN RESTING ON A STAFF
  ENTWINED WITH ONE AND NOT TWO SERPENTS
  AS IN THE CASE OF THE STAFF OF MERCURY
  THE SERPENT SEEKS TO REACH UPWARD
  TO DRINK FROM THE CUP OF POTIONS  sug> POTABLE
  often AESCULAPIUS IS SHOWN WITH A
  BOY BY HIS SIDE AS THE SYMBOL OF
  GENIUS or RECOVERY
  med> THE MAJOR ESCULAPIAN MEDICAL SCHOOLS
       AROSE IN COS AND CNIDUS
  med> MEDICINE DESCENDS FROM ESCULAPIUS AND
       HIS STUDENTS BECAME KNOWN AS
  ASCELPIADAE or PHYSICIANS
  sp  MEDICO = PHYSICIAN
  ukr LIKAR    same or HEALER
      LICHYTY  TO HEAL and to COUNT
  rus WRATCH   PHYSICIAN but note
  ukr WRATY    TO LIE
  sp  GALENO   PHYSICIAN
  note         MUCH OF WHAT IS KNOWN TODAY ABOUT
               ESCULAPIAN DOCTRINES ORIGINATES FROM
  REVIEWS BY GALEN [#]