Trep Trepan Trepanation Trepidation Trephine Treponema

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~ TREP~        prefix  also see> TRYP~
               id+ | TO BITE  BIT  GNOW
                     as in to TO MAKE A HOLE |
               ply> TO GRASP TREPANATION IT IS BEST
                    TO UNDERSTAND TREPIDATION
               see> TREMOR TREPIDATION
~ TREPAN       obsolete for see> TREPHINE below
~ TREPANATION  med> SURGICAL PERFORATION OF THE SKULL
               hx> TREPANATION is recorded by
                   HIPPOCRATES 360-355 and
     the practice reinvigorated by
     CELSUS [#] HELIODORUS [#] and GALEN [#]
     CRANIOTOMY OR TREPANATION WAS RECOMMENDED FOR
     CASES OF SPLINTERED FRACTURES OF THE CRANIAL VAULT
     AND CLOSED HEAD TRAUMA
     note extensive illustrated scientific review by
          Renato MARIANI-CONSTANTINI [#] et al in
               Lancet volume 355 page 305
               JANUARY 23 2000
~ TREPIDATION  implies TREMDOUS FEAR INDUCING TREMOR
               see> TREMOR
~ TREPHINE     or TREPAN
~ TREPONEMA    biol> SPIRAL LIKE MICROORGANISMS
               med> SAW FOR CUTTING SKULL BONES
  gr    TREPAN   = BIT   see> TRYP~ for HOLE
                   also TO GNAW  GNAWING
        TRYP       HOLE
  sp    TREPANAR   PERFORATE or MAKE A HOLE
        TREPANO    SPIRAL LIKE TOOL or
                   BIT    sug> BITE  GNAW
  hx> med> TREPHINING SKULLS WAS PRACTICED AS A
           TREATMENT OF HEAD INJURIES AND OTHER
  CAUSES OF INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE BY
  ANCIENTS ACROSS THE ROMAN INCA AND AZTEC EMPIRES
  note HUMAN and ANIMAL DISEASES as in
  see> TRYPANOSOMIASIS  see> CHAGAS
  see> TRYPSIN    a key see> ENZYME
  also                  see> THROW