~ AESCULAPIUS  id+ | PERSONIFICATION OF MEDICINE or
^u ^s          id+ | IDEAL OF HEALING ARTS |
               id+ | akin to see> IMHOTEP [#] |
               id+ | perhaps akin to see> TELESPHORUS |
  note in USA preferred spelling is ASCULAPIUS
  note alt spellings
       ASCLEPIUS  or
       ASKLEPIOS  or
       ASKLEPIUS  in Greece
       ESCULAPIUS in Rome or in sp
       ESCULAPIO  in sp and also
                  generic name for PHYSICIANS
       ESKULLAPIS or
       ESKULLAPIS or
  med> AESCULAPIAN MEDICAL DOCTRINES STRESS
       SLEEP and REST
       BATHING or "TAKING WATERS" and GYMNASTICS
       AS RESTORATIVE or CURATIVE
  note AESCULAPIUS [#] IS AMONG THE MOST
       POPULAR SYMBOLS OF HEALING
  note in Greece his name also was IMHOTEP or IMHOTEP [#]
       AESCULAPIUS is probably an Egyptian deity
  note THE LAST ACT OF SOCRATES [#] WAS TO ASK
       CRITON [#] TO SACRIFICE A COCK or ROOSTER
       TO AESCULAPIUS
  myth> PINDAR [#] reports that AESCULAPIUS was the
        SON OF CORONIS and APOLLO
  WHO WHILE PREGNANT HAD AN AFFAIR WITH
  ISCHYS or ISCHI
  WHEN APOLLO REALIZED HER INFIDELITY
  HE ASKED HIS SISTER ARTEMIS TO KILL CORONIS
  myth> AS CORONIS WAS BEING CREMATED
        THE SMOKE OF THE PYRE STAINED
  THE WHITE CROWS OF APOLLO BLACK
  IN PUNISHMENT FOR FAILING TO ALERT HIM
  OF THE INFIDELITY OF CORONIS
  myth> AT THE LAST MINUTE
        APOLLO DECIDED TO SAVE THEIR CHILD AND
  PERFORMED A CAESAREAN or CAESAREAN SECTION
  med> perhaps the first CAESAREAN SECTION
       IN WRITTEN RECORDS
  myth> THE CHILD WAS NAMED AESCULAPIUS and
        PLACED UNDER THE CARE OF
  see> CHEIRON from whom AESCULAPIUS learned
  SURGERY and other arts practiced by a
  see> CHIROPRACTOR or CHEIROPRACTOR
  myth> APOLLODORUS [#] STATED THAT ATHENA
        GAVE AESCULAPIUS A VIAL CONTAINING
  THE MAGICAL BLOOD of MEDUSA WHICH
  COULD KILL or COULD RESUSCITATE
  DEPENDING HOW IT WAS TAKEN
  myth> AESCULAPIUS BEING A FAMOUS HEALER
        AND AN AMBITIOUS PERSON
  WHEN HE EXTENDED HIS SKILLS TOWARD
  RESTORING LIFE or RESUSCITATING THE DECEASED
  HE INFRINGED UPON THE DOMAIN OF HADES
  myth> HADES as the RULER of the UNDERWORLD or HELL
        ASKED ZEUS TO KILL AESCULAPIUS
  note alt by PINDAR [#] who asserts that
       AESKULAPIUS WAS ASKED BY ARTEMIS  sug> DIANA
  THE RESTORE THE LIFE OF HER FAVORITE
  HIPPOLYTOS [#] or VIRBIUS [#]
  AESCULAPIUS DEMURRED UNTIL TEMPTED BY
  A RICH FEE or BRIBE                    sug> MERCENARY
  WHEN AESCULAPIUS RESUSCITATED HIPPOLYTOS
  ZEUS DECIDED TO KILL HIM
  note THEREAFTER MEDICINE BECAME RESTRAINED
       RESTRICTED and INCAPABLE TO PREVENT DEATH
  note MEDICINE BECAME more PALLIATIVE than CURATIVE
  id+ | THERAPIES DRIVEN BY SELF INTERESTS OF A THERAPIST
        IS ANTITHETICAL TO MEDICAL ETHICS |
  myth> AFTER BEING FULMINATED BY ZEUS
        AESCULAPIOS WAS PLACED ALONG WITH OTHER HEROES
  AS A STAR in the SERPENS CONSTELLATION representing
  OPHIUCHUS [#] IDENTIFIED BY THE GREEKS AS
  ASCLEPIUS or OPHIOKHOS which
  in Greek means SERPENT HOLDER
  note SERPENT on the ROD or STAFF of ASCLEPIUS
  cont> see> CADUCEUS
  myth> the killing of AESCULAPIUS
        UPSET APOLLO TO SUCH DEGREE THAT
  IN REVENGE HE KILLED THE THREE CYCLOPS
  WHO MANUFACTURED THUNDERBOLTS FOR ZEUS
  ZEUS PUNISHED APOLLO BY MAKING HIM SERVE
  THE MORTAL sug> ADMETUS [#] AS A SLAVE
  APOLLO SERVED ADMETUS WELL AND BOTH
  GAINED GREAT RESPECT FOR EACH OTHER
  myth> ZEUS MISSED HIS THREE CYCLOPS AND
        DECIDED TO BRING THEM BACK FROM
  THE UNDERWORLD or HADES which induced
  APOLLO TO BEG ZEUS TO DO THE SAME FOR AESCULAPIUS
  TO WHICH ZEUS AGREED AND DEIFIED AESCULAPIUS
  cont> see> APOLLO
  myth> AESPULAPIUS had a CONSORT LAMPEZIA or alt
        EPIONA with whom he had CHILDREN
  THE NUMBER IS DISPUTED but there is CONSENSUS
  about FOUR DAUGHTERS and THREE SONS named
  HYIEIA   or IGEA or HYGIEIA for HEALTH    sug> HYGIENE
  PANACEA  the healer of DISEASES           sug> REMEDY
  MEDITRINA       for MEDICINE              sug> MEDIA
  IASO            gr  IATROS is for HEALER
                      IATROGENIC is antithetical thus
                  denotes INDUCTION OF ILLNESS
  AEGLE           or EGLE as in             sug> EAGLE
                  mother of the THREE GRACES
  TELESPHOROS    "WHO BRINGS FULLNESS"      sug> THERAPY
  PODALIRIUS      a skilled HEALER          sug> PODIATRY
                  WHO BECAME LORD OF
                  KHERSON or KHERSONESUS    sug> CRIMEA
  MACHAON         also a SKILLED HEALER     sug> MEDIC
                  KILLED DURING THE WAR OF TROY
  hx> HOMER [#] PRESENTS ASKLEPIUS or ASCLEPIUS AS
      THE MORTAL FATHER OF MACHAON [#] and
  PODALEIRIUS [#] note some hold that
  AESCULAIUS and PAEON are one and the same
  hx> THE CULT TO AESCULAPIUS WAS CENTERED IN
      EPIDAURUS AND THE PRINCIPAL TEMPLE TO AESCLAPIUS
  ALSO STOOD IN EPIDAURUS AND CONTAINED HIS STATUE BY
  THE FAMOUS ARTIST THRASYMEDES [#] WHO
  REPRESENTED AESCULAPIUS SEATED ON A THRONE
  HOLDING A STAFF IN ONE HAND AND THE OTHER HAND
  RESTING ON THE HEAD OF A DRAGON
  note that reptiles are emblems or
  SYMBOLS OF PRUDENCE AND RENOVATION
  note snakes can be poisonous
  note snakes rejuvenate by shedding their skin
  hx> in ATHENS the worship of ASKLEPIOS
      was introduced after the PLAGUE of 429 BC
  likewise his worship was introduce in ROME
  after a plague 293 BC  more below
  med> note THE AILING VISITING THE AN ASKLEPIAN
       TEMPLE-HOSPITAL COMPLEX WERE
  WASHED IN THE SACRED SPRING and
  SLEPT or INCUBATED in the ABATON or HALL
  HOPING FOR DREAM THAT WOULD REVEAL or
  what early CHRISTIANS  called
  A REVELATION or VISION or MIRACLE
  TO ILLUMINATE A CURE
  note REST AND SLEEP CURES REMAIN IN USE
       ACROSS IN EUROPE and particularly so in
  areas of the FORMER USSR
  "REST CURES" take place in          sug> SANITARY
  "SANATORIA" dedicated to            sug> SANITY
  SALUBRITY as per                    sug> HYGIENIC
  MASSAGE DIET SIESTA REST and SLEEP  sug> NAP
  note DOLCE FAR NIENTE in it for     sug> RESTORE
       SWEET DO NOTHING               sug> SLOTH
  the idea being that                 sug> HEALTH
  REST and SLEEP are RESTORATIVE      see> LETHARGY
  and therefore SALUTARY              sug> LETHAL
  more below
  note how VOTIVE TABLETS DEPICTING THE
       ANATOMY TO BE TREATED
  HANGED ON WALLS as are today in some COUNTRIES
  AMULETS COVERING THE WALLS OF TRADITIONAL
  CATHOLIC CHURCHES and represent a belief in
  AMULETS
  note etymology
  sp AMULETO = AMULET and
      MULA     MULE or FALSE  PHONY
      MULETA   CRUTCH or FALSE LEG
  hx> ASKLEPIA BECAME A POPULAR FESTIVAL
      IN HONOR AESCULAPIUS as found in
  THE HISTORY OF ROME by LIVY [#] or
  Titus LIVIUS
  cont> see> CADUCEUS
  hx> in 293 BC ROME EXPERIENCED A PERIOD OF
      PESTILENCE WHICH PROMPTED ROMANS
  TO ASK THE GREEKS TO HELP ROME INTRODUCE
  THE WORSHIP OF AESCULAPIUS
  THE CULT WAS BROUGHT INCARNATED AS
  NON POISONOUS SERPENTS and LEGENDS CLAIM THAT
  in JANUARY 291 BC A SACRED SNAKE
  CHOSE (SWAM) TO THE ISLAND or INSULA TIBERINA
  WHERE A TEMPLE WAS DEDICATED TO AESCULAPIUS and
  HIS SPOUSE EPIONE or "THE SOOTHER" and
  HIS DAUGHTERS or GRACES and SON  AROSE
  hx> myth> note the COCKS or PEACOCK as the
            EMBLEM OF AESCULAPIUS and of
  ALERTNESS FOUND CURRENTLY ON THE
  CROWN MODERN CHURCH BELFRIES and
  STEEPLES of CATHEDRAL particularly in SPAIN
  hx> one of the MOST ATTRACTIVE and
      LEAST POPULAR ANCIENT SITE in ATHENS
  in the ACROPOLIS COMPLEX is the
  THE ASCLEPIEION or SANCTUARY OF THE GOD
  ASCLEPIOUS AND HIS DAUGHTER HYGIEIA
  WHO PERSONIFY "HEALTH" IS LOCATED
  ABOVE AND TO THE WEST or LEFT OF THE
  THEATER OF DIONYSUS ALONG THE
  PERIPATOS or ANCIENT ROAD CLIMBING
  TOWARD THE ENTRANCE TO THE SUMMIT OF THE
  ACROPOLIS ROCK             see> DIONYSUS
  THE ASCLEPIEION IS A SMALL TEMPLE
  A COMPONENT OF A COMPLEX INCLUDING
  AN ALTAR AND TWO HALLS
  ONE IS A DORIC or IONIC STOA or ABATON
  SERVED AS A GUEST HOUSE mainly for PRIESTS
  the other is a TWO STORY BUILDING
  ERECTED IN 300 BC WITH A FACADE OF
  17 DORIC COLUMNS DEDICATED TO
  PILGRIMS WHERE TO INCUBATE or SLEEP
  IN HOPES OF DREAMING CURES
  in 418 BC THE TEMPLE WAS DEDICATED BY
     TELEMAKHOS OF AKHARNAI
  IT WAS THEN NEAR A SACRED SPRING
  A SITE DEDICATED TO A WATER GOD or
  to PURIFICATION THAT BECAME THE
  SACRED BOTHROS WHERE THE
  SICK WERE WASHED AND WHO
  AFTER OFFERING A SACRIFICE
  RETIRED TO SLEEP or INCUBATION IN
  THE STOA or ABATON
  note that in the 5C A CHURCH WAS ERECTED
  note WHEN THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH FAILED TO
       DESTROY IT OPTED TO ADOPT PAGAN DEITIES
  TO GRADUALLY CORRODE ANCIENT TRADITIONS
  hx> COCKS WERE SACRIFICED TO AESCULAPIUS
      PARTICULARLY BY INVALIDS and the DISABLED
  hx> AFTER BEING FORCED TO DRINK POISON
      SOCRATES SACRIFICED A COCK TO AESCULAPIUS
  lit+ Plato [#] in KREON states that
       before taking poison Socrates [#] said to
  his disciples
  "... WE OWE A COCK TO AESCULAPIUS ... "
  hx> note the LINK of COCK with MALE POTENCY
  biol> bot ASCLEPIAS ASCLEPIADACEAE
        ASCLEPIODORA are MEDICINAL PLANTS
  note rept ERYTHROLAMPRUS AESCULAPII
  cont> see> ~& AESCLAPIUS under addenda
  id+ | MEDICINE IS UNIVERSAL
        THE BIOLOGY OF MAN IS UNIVERSAL |
  hx> THE AESCULAPIAN STAFF DENOTES
      THE IDEA OF KNOWLEDGE THRIVING ON
  EXCHANGING MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE BY
  WANDERING as per "HOSPITAL STAFF ROUNDS"
  med> note that until recent times
       the " STAFF " OF A MODERN HOSPITAL
  WANDERED THE WARDS TO ENGAGE
  TO REVEAL AND DISCUSS THERAPIES in contrast to
  LONE ROUNDS BY "PRIVATE" PHYSICIANS
  ROBBING OR "DEPRIVING" OTHERS FROM OPPORTUNITIES
  TO LEARN and to QUESTION THERAPIES
  art> AESCULAPIOS is often shown as an
       OLDER KIND MAN RESTING ON A STAFF
  ENTWINED WITH ONE AND NOT TWO SERPENTS
  AS IN THE CASE OF THE STAFF OF MERCURY
  THE SERPENT SEEKS TO REACH UPWARD
  TO DRINK FROM THE CUP OF POTIONS  sug> POTABLE
  often AESCULAPIUS IS SHOWN WITH A
  BOY BY HIS SIDE AS THE SYMBOL OF
  GENIUS or RECOVERY
  med> THE MAJOR AESCULAPIAN MEDICAL SCHOOLS
       AROSE IN COS AND CNIDUS
  med> MEDICINE DESCENDS FROM ESCULAPIUS AND
       HIS STUDENTS BECAME KNOWN AS
  ASCELPIADAE or PHYSICIANS
  sp  MEDICO = PHYSICIAN
  ukr LIKAR    same or HEALER
      LICHYTY  TO HEAL and to COUNT
  rus WRATCH   PHYSICIAN but note
  ukr WRATY    TO LIE
  sp  GALENO   PHYSICIAN
  hx> med> MUCH OF WHAT IS KNOWN TODAY ABOUT
           AESCULAPIAN DOCTRINES ORIGINATES FROM
  REVIEWS by see> GALEN [#]
  cont> see> CADUCEUS


~ AESCLEPIUS   or
~ AESKULAPIS   or
~ AESKULAPIUS  see> AESCULAPIUS

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